『壹』 英國畢業論文要怎麼寫
碩士生在畢業階段最頭疼的就是畢業論文的寫作，其主要原因在於：一是不少學生知識面比較狹窄，專業知識較為薄弱，研究性學習不足；二是基本功較差，沒有畢業論文的寫作經驗或是自身寫作能力差；第三是不會安排畢業論文的完成時間，總是壓到最後再去完成像在趕作業；那麼廣大留學生該怎樣才能把英國碩士生的畢業論文寫作好？下文從多個方面來指導廣大留學生去寫作英國碩士生畢業論文。
1：畢業論文的選題
很多學生不知道怎麼選題，選題不了就意味著無法進行寫作資料的搜集准備與整理，也無法從事論文寫作。教師在選題這個關鍵階段要給學生以積極指導。首先是專業選題范圍指導。例如作為中文專業的學生，在學習基礎課之後所選修的內容不一樣，有的選修文學類，有的選修語言類。選修文學類的學生在選題時就要根據自己對古代文學、現代文學、當代文學的專長和興趣，一定選擇自己所擅長的專業，而不能選擇自己不擅長的古漢語和現代漢語語言專業。
其次是選題范圍大小指導。選題的一個主要原則就是宜小不宜大，大的選題因為難度大難以把握，不宜寫得深入。小的選題能夠從微觀入手，深入細致的加以論述，做到「小題大做」。論文題目過大就需要大量的資料、豐富的理論知識修養、嫻熟的寫作技巧和旁徵博引，才能全面透徹的論證問題，所以不適合碩士學生，當然也不能過於小，一定要適中。
第三，指導如何進行選題。學生在選題之前一定要大量閱讀文獻資料，善於發現問題和分析問題，搞清楚自己所從事的文學專業領域科研狀況，前人有哪些研究成果，研究成果有哪些爭議，摸清自己所要研究的論題在當今的社會意義和學術價值含量，不能重復別人的研究成果。選題時一定要根據自己的研究水平和能力做到量力而行。第四，選題時還要考慮到創新與寫作能力之間的問題，雖然大家都主張學術論文一定要創新，但畢竟碩士學力有限，過分強調開創性不切合實際。
2：材料的搜集與運用指導
一旦論文選題確立之後，就需要大量搜、整理與運用資料。一篇學術論文如果沒有充分的材料作為支撐，那就是等於空話連篇，得出的結論也是有失偏頗。其實學生在選題之前就應該進行閱讀大量的材料了，通過大量資料的閱讀和分析之後，發現自己所要解決的問題，然後制定選題，通過大量的材料的整理與分析，才能運用好這些經過大量時間和心血准備的材料，最終得出自己所要的結論和所想解決的問題。
3：論文提綱制定指導
學生通過大量資料的准備、閱讀、分析之後，進行論文的選題，一旦選題之後就需要縝密構思文章的提綱了。這個階段也是一件不容易的事情，很多學生對於論文提綱擬定也比較犯愁，因為他們不懂得抓住論文題目的關鍵詞彙，也就是選題的中心論點，在擬提綱時不能緊緊圍繞題目的「題眼」，出現了所編制的提綱結構框架不合理、沒有充分體現文章標題的中心論點，主題不突出，層次不分明，邏輯不順暢等問題。因此在指導學生擬定論文提綱時著重強調一下幾點：
一是要指導學生精心設計一級標題和二級標題，使得各級標題都能全面圍繞文章的一個中心論點進行，每個分論點可以採取並列式或遞進式結構，大標題和小標題之間要緊緊相扣，相互銜接和呼應，大標題也都要受其主題的統領。
二是指導學生進一步反復修改提綱。論文提綱擬定好之後，再結合所有的材料進行分析、整理文章的整體結構，反復推敲。把文章整體結構與各細節聯系起來，確保整體與細節之間的關聯性和呼應。論文結構趨於合理化有利益理清論文整體思路，突出主題，不會出現跑題、偏題等問題。提綱擬定的成敗也關繫到文章的寫作成敗，一旦匆匆忙忙擬好提綱，不加思考就動筆寫，勢必會造成事倍功半的效果，因此教師告誡學生切忌草率行事。當然提綱在寫作過程中也可以根據需要進行改動調整，目的就是使得提綱更加縝密完善，但是也不能頻繁地、較大的改動。
4：寫作過程中注意事項的指導
萬事俱備，就欠書寫論文了，這時要指導學生把握寫作要領，抓住論文中心環節，運用充分的材料作為寫作的詳實論據，運用清晰的思維、思辨的論證邏輯和規范的學術語言進行論述論文論點，將其經過深思熟慮的思想與觀點，運用言簡意賅、通俗易懂的語言逐一闡述出來。
第一，在寫作時可以按照論文提綱的體例結構順序進行，各標題之下的二級標題都要緊扣該標題，論述時論證結合，做到論據詳實、論證充分，語言表述要准確、流暢、連貫。整篇文章要符合邏輯，條理清晰，層次分明。如果寫作過程中遇到了困難，可以採取不按提綱順序，先寫思路比較清晰的部分，寫完之後再去解決疑難問題。
第二，注意論文格式的寫作。學位論文是了為了鍛煉學生基本寫作方法和提高寫作能力的訓練，論文格式有一定的要求，對於初寫畢業論文的學生往往不注重論文的格式。學位論文的格式在成績評定中也找有一定的比分，評審老師從學生論文格式中就能判斷出該生寫作態度是否端正，是否受到過學術論文的寫作訓練。
第三，指導學生運用參考資料，處理好文章與參考文獻之間的關系。總之寫作過程中需要輔導老師加以多方面的指導，方能使得學生順利完成寫作任務。
『貳』 《英美概況》論文該怎麼寫啊
從民族歷史、建國、發展中重大事件、文化價值觀、習慣、語言、對歷史和今天的影響等方面。
英美...重點應該是17世紀開始吧，英國就是對近代史的重要影響說起，如英國文學，英國語言，英國移民統治，工業革命，英國對歐洲大陸，北美，亞洲，非洲的影響，一戰二戰等等。美國就是和英國的關系，以及和法國的關系，西進運動領土擴張，南北內戰，二次、三次工業革命，二戰，冷戰，反恐，民主制度文化價值觀等等嘍
『叄』 英國文學論文到底有多難寫
外國小說很多啊，都可以作為研究論文的題材，建議你看下（世界文學研究）里的，挺多的世外國小說論述的
『肆』 我需要關於英國文學的英語論文1500詞
The term English literature refers to literature written in the English language, including literature composed in English by writers not necessarily from England; Joseph Conrad was Polish, Robert Burns was Scottish, James Joyce was Irish, Dylan Thomas was Welsh, Edgar Allan Poe was American, Salman Rushdie is Indian, V.S. Naipaul was born in Trinidad, Vladimir Nabokov was Russian. In other words, English literature is as diverse as the varieties and dialects of English spoken around the world. In academia, the term often labels departments and programmes practising English studies in secondary and tertiary ecational systems. Despite the variety of authors of English literature, the works of William Shakespeare remain paramount throughout the English-speaking world.
This article primarily deals with literature from Britain written in English. For literature from specific English-speaking regions, consult the see also section at the bottom of the page.
Contents [hide]
1 Old English
2 Renaissance literature
3 Early Modern period
3.1 Elizabethan Era
3.2 Jacobean literature
3.3 Caroline and Cromwellian literature
3.4 Restoration literature
3.5 Augustan literature
4 18th century
5 Romanticism
6 Victorian literature
7 Modernism
8 Post-modern literature
9 Views of English literature
10 See also
11 External links
Old English
Main article: Anglo-Saxon literature
The first works in English, written in Old English, appeared in the early Middle Ages (the oldest surviving text is Cædmon's Hymn). The oral tradition was very strong in early British culture and most literary works were written to be performed. Epic poems were thus very popular and many, including Beowulf, have survived to the present day in the rich corpus of Anglo-Saxon literature that closely resemble today's Norwegian or, better yet, Icelandic. Much Anglo-Saxon verse in the extant manuscripts is probably a "milder" adaptation of the earlier Viking and German war poems from the continent. When such poetry was brought to England it was still being handed down orally from one generation to another, and the constant presence of alliterative verse, or consonant rhyme (today's newspaper headlines and marketing abundantly use this technique such as in Big is Better) helped the Anglo-Saxon peoples remember it. Such rhyme is a feature of Germanic languages and is opposed to vocalic or end-rhyme of Romance languages. But the first written literature dates to the early Christian monasteries founded by St. Augustine of Canterbury and his disciples and it is reasonable to believe that it was somehow adapted to suit to needs of Christian readers. Even without their crudest lines, Viking war poems still smell of blood feuds and their consonant rhymes sound like the smashing of swords under the gloomy northern sky: there is always a sense of imminent danger in the narratives. Sooner or later, all things must come to an end, as Beowulf eventually dies at the hands of the monsters he spends the tale fighting. The feelings of Beowulf that nothing lasts, that youth and joy will turn to death and sorrow entered Christianity and were to dominate the future landscape of English fiction.
Renaissance literature
Main article: English Renaissance
Following the introction of a printing press into England by William Caxton in 1476, vernacular literature flourished. The Reformation inspired the proction of vernacular liturgy which led to the Book of Common Prayer, a lasting influence on literary English language. The poetry, drama, and prose proced under both Queen Elizabeth I and King James I constitute what is today labelled as Early modern (or Renaissance).
Early Modern period
Further information: Early Modern English and Early Modern Britain
Elizabethan Era
Main article: Elizabethan literature
The Elizabethan era saw a great flourishing of literature, especially in the field of drama. The Italian Renaissance had rediscovered the ancient Greek and Roman theatre, and this was instrumental in the development of the new drama, which was then beginning to evolve apart from the old mystery and miracle plays of the Middle Ages. The Italians were particularly inspired by Seneca (a major tragic playwright and philosopher, the tutor of Nero) and Plautus (its comic clichés, especially that of the boasting soldier had a powerful influence on the Renaissance and after). However, the Italian tragedies embraced a principle contrary to Seneca's ethics: showing blood and violence on the stage. In Seneca's plays such scenes were only acted by the characters. But the English playwrights were intrigued by Italian model: a conspicuous community of Italian actors had settled in London and Giovanni Florio had brought much of the Italian language and culture to England. It is also true that the Elizabethan Era was a very violent age and that the high incidence of political assassinations in Renaissance Italy (embodied by Niccolò Machiavelli's The Prince) did little to calm fears of popish plots. As a result, representing that kind of violence on the stage was probably more cathartic for the Elizabethan spectator. Following earlier Elizabethan plays such as Gorboc by Sackville & Norton and The Spanish Tragedy by Kyd that was to provide much material for Hamlet, William Shakespeare stands out in this period as a poet and playwright as yet unsurpassed. Shakespeare was not a man of letters by profession, and probably had only some grammar school ecation. He was neither a lawyer, nor an aristocrat as the "university wits" that had monopolised the English stage when he started writing. But he was very gifted and incredibly versatile, and he surpassed "professionals" as Robert Greene who mocked this "shake-scene" of low origins. Though most dramas met with great success, it is in his later years (marked by the early reign of James I) that he wrote what have been considered his greatest plays: Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, Othello, King Lear, Macbeth, Antony and Cleopatra, and The Tempest, a tragicomedy that inscribes within the main drama a brilliant pageant to the new king. This 'play within a play' takes the form of a masque, an interlude with music and dance coloured by the novel special effects of the new indoor theatres. Critics have shown that this masterpiece, which can be considered a dramatic work in its own right, was written for James's court, if not for the monarch himself. The magic arts of Prospero, on which depend the outcome of the plot, hint at the fine relationship between art and nature in poetry. Significantly for those times (the arrival of the first colonists in America), The Tempest is (though not apparently) set on a Bermudan island, as research on the Bermuda Pamphlets (1609) has shown, linking Shakespeare to the Virginia Company itself. The "News from the New World", as Frank Kermode points out, were already out and Shakespeare's interest in this respect is remarkable. Shakespeare also popularized the English sonnet which made significant changes to Petrarch's model.
The sonnet was introced into English by Thomas Wyatt in the early 16th century. Poems intended to be set to music as songs, such as by Thomas Campion, became popular as printed literature was disseminated more widely in households. See English Madrigal School. Other important figures in Elizabethan theatre include Christopher Marlowe, Thomas Dekker, John Fletcher and Francis Beaumont. Had Marlowe (1564-1593) not been stabbed at twenty-nine in a tavern brawl, says Anthony Burgess, he might have rivalled, if not equalled Shakespeare himself for his poetic gifts. Remarkably, he was born only a few weeks before Shakespeare and must have known him well. Marlowe's subject matter, though, is different: it focuses more on the moral drama of the renaissance man than any other thing. Marlowe was fascinated and terrified by the new frontiers opened by modern science. Drawing on German lore, he introced Dr. Faustus to England, a scientist and magician who is obsessed by the thirst of knowledge and the desire to push man's technological power to its limits. He acquires supernatural gifts that even allow him to go back in time and wed Helen of Troy, but at the end of his twenty-four years' covenant with the devil he has to surrender his soul to him. His dark heroes may have something of Marlowe himself, whose untimely death remains a mystery. He was known for being an atheist, leading a lawless life, keeping many mistresses, consorting with ruffians: living the 'high life' of London's underworld. But many suspect that this might have been a cover-up for his activities as a secret agent for Elizabeth I, hinting that the 'accidental stabbing' might have been a premeditated assassination by the enemies of The Crown. Beaumont and Fletcher are less-known, but it is almost sure that they helped Shakespeare write some of his best dramas, and were quite popular at the time. It is also at this time that the city comedy genre develops. In the later 16th century English poetry was characterised by elaboration of language and extensive allusion to classical myths. The most important poets of this era include Edmund Spenser and Sir Philip Sidney. Elizabeth herself, a proct of Renaissance humanism, proced occasional poems such as On Monsieur』s Departure.
Canons of Renaissance poetry
Jacobean literature
After Shakespeare's death, the poet and dramatist Ben Jonson was the leading literary figure of the Jacobean era (The reign of James I). However, Jonson's aesthetics hark back to the Middle Ages rather than to the Tudor Era: his characters embody the theory of humours. According to this contemporary medical theory, behavioral differences result from a prevalence of one of the body's four "humours" (blood, phlegm, black bile, and yellow bile) over the other three; these humours correspond with the four elements of the universe: air, water, fire, and earth. This leads Jonson to exemplify such differences to the point of creating types, or clichés.
Jonson is a master of style, and a brilliant satirist. His Volpone shows how a group of scammers are fooled by a top con-artist, vice being punished by vice, virtue meting out its reward.
Others who followed Jonson's style include Beaumont and Fletcher, who wrote the brilliant comedy, The Knight of the Burning Pestle, a mockery of the rising middle class and especially of those nouveaux riches who pretend to dictate literary taste without knowing much literature at all. In the story, a couple of grocers wrangle with professional actors to have their illiterate son play a leading role in a drama. He becomes a knight-errant wearing, appropriately, a burning pestle on his shield. Seeking to win a princess' heart, the young man is ridiculed much in the way Don Quixote was. One of Beaumont and Fletcher's chief merits was that of realising how feudalism and chivalry had turned into snobbery and make-believe and that new social classes were on the rise.
Another popular style of theatre ring Jacobean times was the revenge play, popularized by John Webster and Thomas Kyd. George Chapman wrote a couple of subtle revenge tragedies, but must be remembered chiefly on account of his famous translation of Homer, one that had a profound influence on all future English literature, even inspiring John Keats to write one of his best sonnets.
The King James Bible, one of the most massive translation projects in the history of English up to this time, was started in 1604 and completed in 1611. It represents the culmination of a tradition of Bible translation into English that began with the work of William Tyndale. It became the standard Bible of the Church of England, and some consider it one of the greatest literary works of all time. This project was headed by James I himself, who supervised the work of forty-seven scholars. Although many other translations into English have been made, some of which are widely considered more accurate, many aesthetically prefer the King James Bible, whose meter is made to mimic the original Hebrew verse.
Besides Shakespeare, whose figure towers over the early 1600s, the major poets of the early 17th century included John Donne and the other Metaphysical poets. Influenced by continental Baroque, and taking as his subject matter both Christian mysticism and eroticism, metaphysical poetry uses unconventional or "unpoetic" figures, such as a compass or a mosquito, to reach surprise effects. For example, in "A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning", one of Donne's Songs and Sonnets, the points of a compass represent two lovers, the woman who is home, waiting, being the centre, the farther point being her lover sailing away from her. But the larger the distance, the more the hands of the compass lean to each other: separation makes love grow fonder. The paradox or the oxymoron is a constant in this poetry whose fears and anxieties also speak of a world of spiritual certainties shaken by the modern discoveries of geography and science, one that is no longer the centre of the universe. Apart from the metaphysical poetry of Donne, the 17th century is also celebrated for its Baroque poetry. Baroque poetry served the same ends as the art of the period; the Baroque style is lofty, sweeping, epic, and religious. Many of these poets have an overtly Catholic sensibility (namely Richard Crashaw) and wrote poetry for the Catholic counter-Reformation in order to establish a feeling of supremacy and mysticism that would ideally persuade newly emerging Protestant groups back toward Catholicism.
Caroline and Cromwellian literature
The turbulent years of the mid-17th century, ring the reign of Charles I and the subsequent Commonwealth and Protectorate, saw a flourishing of political literature in English. Pamphlets written by sympathisers of every faction in the English civil war ran from vicious personal attacks and polemics, through many forms of propaganda, to high-minded schemes to reform the nation. Of the latter type, Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes would prove to be one of the most important works of British political philosophy. Hobbes's writings are some of the few political works from the era which are still regularly published while John Bramhall, who was Hobbes's chief critic, is largely forgotten. The period also saw a flourishing of news books, the precursors to the British newspaper, with journalists such as Henry Muddiman, Marchamont Needham, and John Birkenhead representing the views and activities of the contending parties. The frequent arrests of authors and the suppression of their works, with the consequence of foreign or underground printing, led to the proposal of a licensing system. The Areopagitica, a political pamphlet by John Milton, was written in opposition to licensing and is regarded as one of the most eloquent defenses of press freedom ever written.
Specifically in the reign of Charles I (1625 – 42), English Renaissance theatre experienced its concluding efflorescence. The last works of Ben Jonson appeared on stage and in print, along with the final generation of major voices in the drama of the age: John Ford, Philip Massinger, James Shirley, and Richard Brome. With the closure of the theatres at the start of the English Civil War in 1642, drama was suppressed for a generation, to resume only in the altered society of the English Restoration in 1660.
Other forms of literature written ring this period are usually ascribed political subtexts, or their authors are grouped along political lines. The cavalier poets, active mainly before the civil war, owed much to the earlier school of metaphysical poets. The forced retirement of royalist officials after the execution of Charles I was a good thing in the case of Izaak Walton, as it gave him time to work on his book The Compleat Angler. Published in , the book, ostensibly a guide to fishing, is much more: a meditation on life, leisure, and contentment. The two most important poets of Oliver Cromwell's England were Andrew Marvell and John Milton, with both procing works praising the new government; such as Marvell's An Horatian Ode upon Cromwell's Return from Ireland. Despite their republican beliefs they escaped punishment upon the Restoration of Charles II, after which Milton wrote some of his greatest poetical works (with any possible political message hidden under allegory). Thomas Browne was another writer of the period; a learned man with an extensive library, he wrote prolifically on science, religion, medicine and the esoteric.
Restoration literature
Main article: Restoration Literature
Restoration literature includes both Paradise Lost and the Earl of Rochester's Sodom, the high spirited sexual comedy of The Country Wife and the moral wisdom of Pilgrim's Progress. It saw Locke's Treatises on Government, the founding of the Royal Society, the experiments of Robert Boyle and the holy meditations of Boyle, the hysterical attacks on theatres from Jeremy Collier, the pioneering of literary criticism from Dryden, and the first newspapers. The official break in literary culture caused by censorship and radically moralist standards under Cromwell's Puritan regime created a gap in literary tradition, allowing a seemingly fresh start for all forms of literature after the Restoration. During the Interregnum, the royalist forces attached to the court of Charles I went into exile with the twenty-year old Charles II. The nobility who travelled with Charles II were therefore lodged for over a decade in the midst of the continent's literary scene. Charles spent his time attending plays in France, and he developed a taste for Spanish plays. Those nobles living in Holland began to learn about mercantile exchange as well as the tolerant, rationalist prose debates that circulated in that officially tolerant nation.
The largest and most important poetic form of the era was satire. In general, publication of satire was done anonymously. There were great dangers in being associated with a satire. On the one hand, defamation law was a wide net, and it was difficult for a satirist to avoid prosecution if he were proven to have written a piece that seemed to criticize a noble. On the other hand, wealthy indivials would respond to satire as often as not by having the suspected poet physically attacked by ruffians. John Dryden was set upon for being merely suspected of having written the Satire on Mankind. A consequence of this anonymity is that a great many poems, some of them of merit, are unpublished and largely unknown.
未完
『伍』 英國文學方向畢業論文，推薦幾個好寫的作品
要是論老一些的小說，笛福、斯威夫特、菲爾丁、狄更斯、薩克雷的作品也是可以考慮的，就怕寫的人太多，難免出現雷同。
要是論現代派的小說，借鑒一下卡夫卡（捷克表現主義）和詹姆斯（愛爾蘭意識流）對海勒（美國黑色幽默）和薩特（法國存在主義）的影響。其中，《異變》是個不錯的作品，容易展開（如果允許跨國界來寫）。《到燈塔去》、《虹》等也行。
要是論當代派的小說，就太過於多元化了，取材尚可廣泛，主題難以歸約，不推薦。
『陸』 英美文學創新論文怎麼寫簡奧斯汀
這個要先了解你寫什麼題目
內容怎麼說我才好決定怎麼幫你
『柒』 英美文學論文的提綱怎麼寫格式需要寫些什麼
英美文學論文包含英美文學研究，中西文化等研究論文...Dickinsons
Because
I
Couldn't
英美文學與英語教育
了解文化差異，走出交際誤區
淺談《傲慢與偏見》中的婚姻價值...www.wsdxs.cn/html/yingmei