英国首相到底是个什么职业

‘壹’ 英国首相什么职位

首相的职位是君主制国家内阁的首脑，首相的产生各国规定不同，英国首相是里希•苏纳克。

‘贰’ 英国的首相等于中国的什么

首相是君主立宪制国家内阁首脑的名称。如英国、日本的内阁首脑。首相的产生各国规定不一。英国首相只能由下院多数党领袖担任并由英王任命；日本首相由国会提名经议员选举产生，并经天皇任命，第二次世界大战以后，在议会中占多数议席的政党（执政党）的领袖（总裁）是当然的首相。首相是内阁的首脑，享有非常广泛的权力。英国首相有权任免内阁成员和其他非阁员大臣；领导内阁，决定内阁议事日程，主持内阁会议；用自己的观点归纳内阁会议的讨论，形成内阁决议；在议会中代表政府为政府的决策辩护；代表政府向英王汇报政府工作；提请英王任命高级法官、主教和其他高级官员；决定政府各部的职权的划分，决定部的合并、成立和撤销，对各部的业务进行指导，解决各部的争议等等.
所以说两者并不能相等.因为社会的性质不一样.那是资本主义社会.咱们是社会主义社会.楼主要清楚哦.

‘叁’ 英国首相在中国是什么职位

首相相当于中国的总理。
首相为“首席宰相”的缩写，是君主立宪制国家中内阁首脑的中文通称。内阁是政府最高级官员代表政府各部门商议政策的组织。而首相就是内阁政府首脑，主持内阁会议，总揽政务。
总理，中央政府，国务院的最高的领导，负责国家行政工作。中华人民共和国国务院，即中央人民政府，是最高国家权力机关的执行机关，是最高国家行政机关。国务院由总理、副总理、国务委员、各部部长、各委员会主任、审计长、秘书长组成。国务院实行总理负责制。各部、各委员会实行部长、主任负责制。

‘肆’ 英国首相的职能

英国首相是代表英国王室和民众执掌国家行政权力的最高官员，英国政府首脑。一般情况下国会下议院的多数党党魁或执政联盟的首领自动成为首相人选，人选经国王/女王确认并任命后才正式成为首相。

‘伍’ 英国首相有什么职责政府由谁管理反对派是干啥的

英国首相有很多的职责，内阁及其直属机构是英国政府的领导核心，是行政决策机构，反对派对权利有监督和制约的作用。

一、英国首相的职责

反对派非正规组织，没有固定的召集者，但在选举、议会中讨论重要议题，或组织一些大型的民间活动。反对派成员有政治人物，包括蓝领阶层的政治人物，也有为中产阶级和职业人士服务的。

‘陆’ 英国首相是什么职位

英国首相全称大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国首相（Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland，缩写PM），简称联合王国首相或英揆（揆，本意即宰相），英国政府首脑，是代表英国王室和民众执掌国家行政权力的最高官员。一般情况下国会下议院的多数党党魁或执政联盟的首领自动成为首相人选，人选经国王/女王任命后正式成为首相。现任首相为第76任首相特蕾莎

‘柒’ 英国女王首相总统都是干嘛的

英国的首相比女王权力大完全是因为当时发动革命建立政府的时候提出的要求，首相管理全国范围内的“吃喝拉撒”，女王就当一个吉祥物出席一些重要场合就可以了。当时的英国是一个君主制的国家，可是随着启蒙运动等思想启迪运动的兴起，越来越多的人民开始有了想要推翻君主制的想法，随后就发起了革命，推翻了当时的君主制。但是英国王室在世界上的名誉和知名度很高，于是就保留了下来帮助英国创造财富。

一、有无实权

英国女王和首相的权力划分非常清晰，女王手上是并没有实权的，管理整个国家的是英国的首相和内阁的各位成员，首相就相当于这个国家的总统，管理者无论是外交还是内政的所有事情。女王现在就是一种象征，一种曾经英国领导层的代表。不过英国的首相不是世袭制的，是选出来的，英国的女王则是世袭制的。（女的叫女王，男的叫国王，并非只有女的才可以继承）

二、权力的范围

英国的女王权力只有警告权、奖励权、磋商权。简单点理解就是英国女王的权力就是表面上的形式主义，并没有真正可以处理国内任何事情的权力。就像是一个“商标”一样，出席国际上或者或内上的重大场合的时候，英国女王会代表英国出席相关的活动，从事一些“可有可无”的事情。英女王更多的是受到国内人民的荣誉和尊崇的。

英国的首相权力可就大了，英国的首相其实就是国内实际话语权的掌握着。可以这么说，英国的首相就是当年的“曹操”，自己一人之下万人之上，想干什么就干什么，想怎么就就怎么做，英国的女王就是“汉献帝”当摆设的。

‘捌’ 请问英国首相在英国有什么作用，主要工作是什么

The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the political leader of the United Kingdom and the Head of His/Her Majesty's Government. The Prime Minister and Cabinet (consisting of all the most senior government department heads) are collectively accountable for their policies and actions to the Sovereign, to Parliament, to their political party, and ultimately to the electorate.

The current Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is Gordon Brown, who assumed the position in June 2007.

Powers and constraints

When commissioned by the Sovereign, a potential Prime Minister's first requisite is to "form a Government" – create a cabinet of ministry that has the support of the House of Commons, of which they are expected to be a member. The Prime Minister then formally kisses the hands of his Sovereign, whose royal prerogative is thereafter exercised solely on the advice of the Prime Minister and Her Majesty's Government ("HMG"). The Prime Minister has weekly audiences with the Sovereign, whose functions are constitutionally limited "to advise, to be consulted, and to warn"; the extent of the Sovereign's ability to influence the nature of the Prime Ministerial advice is unknown, but presumably varies depending upon the personal relationship between the Sovereign and the Prime Minister of the day.

The Prime Minister will appoint all other cabinet members (who then become active Privy Councilors) and ministers, although consulting senior ministers on their junior ministers, without any Parliamentary or other control or process over these powers. At any time he may obtain the appointment, dismissal or nominal resignation of any other minister; he may resign, either purely personally or with his whole government; or obtain the dissolution of Parliament, precipitating the loss of all MPs' seats and salaries and a General Election (Ministers will remain in power pending the election of the new House of Commons). The Prime Minister generally co-ordinates the policies and activities of the Cabinet and Government departments, acting as the main public "face" of Her Majesty's Government.

Although the Commander-in-Chief of the British Armed Forces is legally the Sovereign, under constitutional practice the Prime Minister, with the Secretary of State for Defence whom he may appoint or dismiss, holds power over the deployment and disposition of British forces, and the declaration of war. The Prime Minister can authorise, but not directly order, the use of Britain's nuclear weapons and the Prime Minister is hence forth a Commander-in-Chief in all but name.

The Prime Minister makes all the most senior Crown appointments, and most others are made by Ministers over whom he has the power of appointment and dismissal. Privy Counsellors, Ambassadors and High Commissioners, senior civil servants, senior military officers, members of important committees and commissions, and other officials are selected, and in most cases may be removed, by the Prime Minister. He also formally advises the Sovereign on the appointment of Archbishops and Bishops of the Church of England, but his discretion is limited by the existence of the Crown Nominations Commission. The appointment of senior judges, while constitutionally still on the advice of the Prime Minister, is now made on the basis of recommendations from independent bodies.

Peerages, knighthoods, and other honours are bestowed by the Sovereign only on the advice of the Prime Minister. The only important British honours over which the Prime Minister does not have control are the Orders of the Garter, Thistle, and Merit, and the Royal Victorian Order, which are all within the "personal gift" of the Sovereign.

The Prime Minister appoints Ministers known as the "Whips", who use his patronage to negotiate for the support of MPs and to discipline dissenters of the government parliamentary party. Party discipline is strong since electors generally vote for parties rather than indivials. Members of Parliament may be expelled from their party for failing to support the Government on important issues, and although this will not mean they must resign as MPs, it will usually make re-election difficult. Members of Parliament who hold ministerial office or political privileges can expect removal for failing to support the Prime Minister. Restraints imposed by the Commons grow weaker when the Government's party enjoys a large majority in that House, or in the electorate. In general, however, the Prime Minister and their colleagues may secure the Commons' support for almost any bill by internal party negotiations with little regard to opposition MPs.

However, even a government with a healthy majority can on occasion find itself unable to pass legislation. For example, on January 31, 2006 Tony Blair's Government was defeated over proposals to outlaw religious hatred; and, on November 9, 2005 it was defeated over plans which would have allowed police to detain terror suspects for up to 90 days without charge. On other occasions, the Government alters its proposals in order to avoid defeat in the Commons, as Tony Blair's Government did in February 2006 over ecation reforms.[79]

Formerly, a Prime Minister whose government lost a Commons vote would be regarded as fatally weakened, and his whole government would resign, usually precipitating a General Election. In modern practice, when the Government party generally has an absolute majority in the House, only the express vote "that this House has no confidence in Her Majesty's Government" is treated as having this effect; dissentients on a minor issue within the majority party are unlikely to force an election with the probable loss of their seats and salaries, and any future in the party.

Likewise, a Prime Minister is no longer just "first amongst equals" in HM Government; although theoretically his Cabinet might still vote him out, in practice he progressively entrenches his position by retaining only personal supporters in the Cabinet. In periodical reshuffles, the Prime Minister can sideline and simply drop from the cabinet Members who have fallen out of favour: they remain Privy Councillors, but the Prime Minister decides which of them are summoned to meetings. The Prime Minister is responsible for procing and enforcing the Ministerial Code.

[edit] Precedence, privileges and form of address
Tony Blair and Dick Cheney at the main door to 10 Downing Street, the Prime Minister's residence in London, on 11 March, 2002.

Throughout the United Kingdom, the Prime Minister outranks all other dignitaries except the Royal Family, the Lord Chancellor, and senior ecclesiastical functionaries (in England and Wales, the Anglican Archbishops of Canterbury and York; in Scotland, the Lord High Commissioner and the Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland; in Northern Ireland, the Anglican and Roman Catholic Archbishops of Armagh and Dublin and the Moderator of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church).

By tradition, before a new Prime Minister can enter 10 Downing Street for the first time as its occupant, they are required to announce to the country and the world that they have kissed hands with the reigning monarch, and thus have become Prime Minister. This is usually done by saying words to the effect of:

"Her Majesty the Queen [His Majesty the King] has asked me to form a government and I have accepted."[80][81]

Although it wasn't required, Tony Blair also said these words after he was re-elected in 2001 and 2005.

At present the Prime Minister receives £127,334 in addition to a salary of £60,277 as a Member of Parliament.[82] Until 2006 the Lord Chancellor was the highest paid member of the government ahead of the Prime Minister. This reflected the Lord Chancellor's position at the top of the judicial pay scale, as British judges are on the whole better paid than British politicians and until 2005 the Lord Chancellor was both politician and the head of the judiciary. The Constitutional Reform Act 2005 stripped the Lord Chancellor of his judicial functions and his salary was reced to below that of the Prime Minister.
Chequers. The Prime Minister's official country home.

The Prime Minister traditionally resides at 10 Downing Street in London and is also entitled to use the country house of Chequers in Buckinghamshire.

The Prime Minister is customarily a member of the Privy Council; thus, they become entitled to prefix "The Right Honourable" to their name. Membership of the Council is retained for life. It is a constitutional convention that only a Privy Counsellor can be appointed Prime Minister, but invariably all potential candidates have already attained this status. The only occasion when a non-Privy Councillor was the natural appointment was Ramsay MacDonald in 1924, but the issue was resolved by appointing him to the Council immediately prior to his appointment as Prime Minister.

According to the now defunct Department for Constitutional Affairs, the Prime Minister is made a Privy Counsellor as a result of taking office and should be addressed by the official title prefixed by "The Right Honourable" and not by a personal name. This form of address is employed at formal occasions but is rarely used by the media. Tony Blair, the previous Prime Minister, was frequently referred to in print as "Mr Blair", "Tony Blair" or "Blair".[83] Colleagues sometimes referred to him simply as "Tony".[84] The Prime Minister is usually addressed as "Prime Minister", for example by interviewers[85] or civil servants, as in Yes, Prime Minister. Since 'Prime Minister' is a position, not a title, he/she should be referred to as "the Prime Minister" or (e.g.) "Mr. Blair". The form "Prime Minister Blair" is incorrect but is sometimes used erroneously outside the UK.

‘玖’ 首相是个什么职位

首相为“首席宰相”的缩写，是君主立宪制国家中内阁首脑的中文通称。如英国、日本的内阁首脑。首相的产生各国规定不一。英国首相只能由下院多数党领袖担任并由英王任命；日本首相由国会提名经议员选举产生，并经天皇任命，第二次世界大战以后，在议会中占多数议席的政党（执政党）的领袖（总裁）是当然的首相。首相是内阁的首脑，享有非常广泛的权力。英国首相有权任免内阁成员和其他非阁员大臣；领导内阁，决定内阁议事日程，主持内阁会议；用自己的观点归纳内阁会议的讨论，形成内阁决议；在议会中代表政府为政府的决策辩护；代表政府向英王汇报政府工作；提请英王任命高级法官、主教和其他高级官员；决定政府各部的职权的划分，决定部的合并、成立和撤销，对各部的业务进行指导，解决各部的争议等等。日本首相又称内阁总理大臣，是日本最高行政首脑，有权任命内阁其他各国务大臣。尽管内阁要接受议会的监督，但首相有权建议君主解散议会，宣布重新大选。 “首相”称号的由来 英国第一任首相罗伯特·沃波尔当时担任财政大臣的职务。由于乔治一世对英国事务不感兴趣，也不懂英语，不能参与内英国前首相撒切尔夫人阁讨论，因此首席大臣罗伯特·沃尔波尔主要负责国家的政治事务。在罗伯特·沃尔波尔之前，英国君主自己行使首相的职责，根据自己的意愿选择与组织政府。从罗伯特·沃波尔之后，君主的影响力衰退，首相的职务逐渐由议会中多数党的领导人担任。“首相”最初被用来形容专制君主的首席大臣，也用来指国王的走狗。像罗伯特·沃波尔、乔治·格林委拉（George Grenville）和诺斯伯爵（Lord North）都强烈抗议自己被称为首相。1937年议会通过《国王的大臣法》后，“首相”这个称号被正式定下来，同时首相兼任第一财政大臣的职务。但是很长一段时间内，人们习惯用第一财政大臣的称号胜于首相的称号。 在君主立宪制下，首相多为国会多数党的党魁或多数派的首领。 在君主独裁制度下，首相通常由君主任命，替君主执行命令的内阁最高官员。 在议会制中，例如英国的西敏寺制度，首相是政府的首脑，而国家元首（国王或总统）只有仪式上的职能。在一些君主立宪的国家中，首相可实行宪法上授予君主的权力，而无需经国会批准。首相除了是政府首脑，首相也有其他职能，例如，英国的首相兼任“第一财政大臣”(en:First Lord of the Treasury)，而在第二次世界大战时，英国首相丘吉尔兼任国防大臣。 朝鲜民主主义人民共和国1972年以前政府的首长也称首相，由最高人民会议产生，负责召集并领导内阁会议。 某些非君主制国家政府首脑也沿用这个名称。